Abathengi abanokuthi bathenge oomatshini abatsha bokugaya kufuneka baqonde i-ins kunye nokuphuma kwenkqubo ye-abrasive, indlela ibhondi ye-abrasive esebenza ngayo, kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokugqoka ivili lokugaya.
Esi sithuba sebhlog sithatyathwe kwinqaku elipapashwe nguBarry Rogers ngoNovemba ka-2018 kushicilelo lweMashini/yeTruphu yemagazini yeSitolo soomatshini.
Kwinqaku lokugqibela kwisihloko se-grinders, sixoxe ngesibheno esisisiseko se-grinders kunye nendlela eyakhiwe ngayo.Ngoku, sijongisisa indlela inkqubo yokurhabula esebenza ngayo kwaye ithetha ukuthini kubanini beevenkile zoomatshini abatsha kwimarike.
Ukugaya iteknoloji yokucubungula i-abrasive esebenzisa ivili lokugaya njengesixhobo sokusika.Ivili lokusila liquka amasuntswana aqinileyo, abukhali.Xa ivili lijikeleza, iqhekeza ngalinye lisebenza njengesixhobo sokusika esinye.
Amavili okusila afumaneka kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zobukhulu, iidayamitha, ubukhulu, ubungakanani beenkozo ezirhabaxa kunye nezibophelelo.I-Abrasives ilinganiswa kwiiyunithi zesayizi okanye i-particle size, kunye nobukhulu be-particle ukusuka kwi-8-24 (i-coarse), i-30-60 (ephakathi), i-70-180 (i-fine) kunye ne-220-1,200 (intle kakhulu).Amanqaku angaphezulu asetyenziswa apho kufuneka kususwe ubuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo.Ngokubanzi, ibakala elicolekileyo lisetyenziswa emva kwebanga elirhabaxa ukuvelisa umphezulu ogudileyo.
Ivili lokusila lenziwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqhawula, kubandakanywa ne-silicon carbide (edla ngokusetyenziselwa izinyithi ezingenayo i-ferrous);ialumina (esetyenziselwa ingxubevange yentsimbi yokuqina okuphezulu kunye neenkuni; iidayimani (ezisetyenziselwa ukucola i-ceramic okanye ukupolishwa kokugqibela); kunye ne-cubic boron nitride (edla ngokusetyenziswa kwi-Steel alloy).
I-Abrasives inokuphinda ihlelwe njenge-bonding, i-coated okanye isinyithi edibeneyo.I-abrasive esisigxina ixutywe kunye neenkozo eziqhekezayo kunye ne-binder, kwaye icinezele kwimo yevili.Bagxothwa kubushushu obuphezulu ukwenza i-matrix efana neglasi, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-vitrified abrasives.Iibrasives ezicatyisweyo zenziwe ngeenkozo ezinqabileyo eziboshwe kwi-substrate eguquguqukayo (efana nephepha okanye i-fiber) kunye ne-resin kunye / okanye iglue.Le ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhanti, amashiti, kunye namagqabi.Iibrasives eziboshwe ngesinyithi, ngakumbi idayimane, zigxininiswe kwi-matrix yensimbi ngendlela yokuchaneka kwamavili okugaya.I-matrix yesinyithi yenzelwe ukunxiba ukubonisa imidiya yokusila.
Izinto ezidibeneyo okanye eziphakathi zilungisa i-abrasive kwivili lokugaya kwaye zinika amandla amaninzi.I-Voids okanye iipores zishiywe ngabom kumavili ukuze kuphuculwe ukuhanjiswa okupholisayo kunye nokukhulula iitshiphusi.Ngokuxhomekeke ekusebenziseni ivili lokugaya kunye nohlobo lwe-abrasive, ezinye iifayili zingabandakanywa.Iibhondi zihlala zihlelwa njenge-organic, vitrified okanye isinyithi.Uhlobo ngalunye lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezikhethekileyo kwisicelo.
I-Organic okanye i-resin adhesives inokumelana neemeko ezinzima zokugaya, ezifana ne-vibration kunye ne-high lateral forces.Izibophelelo ze-Organic zifanelekile ngokukodwa ekunyuseni ubungakanani bokusika kwizicelo ze-machining rough, ezifana nentsimbi yokugqoka okanye imisebenzi yokusika i-abrasive.Ezi ndibaniselwano zikwanceda ekusileni ngokuchaneka kwezinto eziqinileyo (ezifana nedayimani okanye iiseramikhi).
Ekugayweni ngokuchanekileyo kwezixhobo zensimbi (ezifana nentsimbi eqinile okanye i-nickel-based alloys), ibhondi ye-ceramic inokubonelela ngokugqwesileyo kokugqoka kunye nokusebenza ngokukhululekileyo.Ibhondi ye-ceramic yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukubonelela ngokubambelela ngokuqinileyo kwiincinci ze-cubic boron nitride (cBN) ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kweekhemikhali, okubangelwa umlinganiselo obalaseleyo wokusika umthamo ukuya kwisondo.
Izitshixo zentsimbi zinokuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kokunxiba kunye nokugcinwa kwemilo.Ziyakwazi ukusuka kwiimveliso ezifakwe kwi-electroplated-single-layer ukuya kumavili amaninzi anokuthi enziwe aqine kakhulu kwaye axinene.Amavili adityanisiweyo ngesinyithi anokuba nzima kakhulu ukunxiba ngokufanelekileyo.Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo olutsha lwevili lokusila kunye nebhondi yentsimbi enqabileyo inokunxitywa ngendlela efana nevili lokugaya i-ceramic kwaye inokuziphatha okufanayo okunenzuzo yokusika.
Ngethuba lenkqubo yokugaya, isondo lokugaya liya kuguga, libe lukhuni, lilahlekelwe yimo ye-contour okanye "umthwalo" ngenxa yee-chips okanye ii-chips ezinamathele kwi-abrasive.Emva koko, ivili lokugaya liqala ukuxubha i-workpiece endaweni yokusika.Le meko ivelisa ubushushu kwaye inciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamavili.Xa umthwalo wevili ukhula, ukuncokola kwenzeka, okuchaphazela ukugqitywa kwendawo yokusebenza.Ixesha lomjikelo liya kwanda.Ngeli xesha, ivili lokugaya kufuneka "linxibe" ukulola isondo lokugaya, ngaloo ndlela lisuse nayiphi na into eseleyo phezu kwevili lokugaya kunye nokubuyisela isondo lokugaya kwimo yalo yasekuqaleni, ngelixa lizisa amaqhekeza amatsha abrasive ebusweni.
Iindidi ezininzi zokugqoka ivili lokugaya zisetyenziselwa ukugaya.Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yi-single-point, i-static, i-diamond dresser kwibhodi, ehlala kwibhloko, ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-headstock okanye kwi-tailstock yomatshini.Umphezulu wevili lokusila udlula kule dayimane yenqaku elinye, kwaye umlinganiselo omncinci wevili lokusila uyasuswa ukuze ulilole.Iibhloko zedayimani ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu zingasetyenziselwa ukuguqula umphezulu, amacala, kunye nokumila kwevili.
Ukucheba ngeRotary ngoku kuyindlela edumileyo.Isinxibo esijikelezayo sigqunywe ngamakhulu edayimani.Idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukugaya ukutya okurhubuluzayo.Abavelisi abaninzi bafumanisa ukuba kwiinkqubo ezifuna imveliso ephezulu kunye/okanye ukunyamezelwa kwenxalenye eqinileyo, ukucheba okujikelezayo kungcono kunokulungisa inqaku elinye okanye iqoqo.Ngokungeniswa kwamavili e-ceramic superabrasive, ukugqoka okujikelezayo kuye kwaba yimfuneko.
I-Oscillating dresser lolunye uhlobo lwesinxibo esisetyenziselwa amavili amakhulu okusila afuna imivumbo enzulu kunye nexesha elide lokunxiba.
Isinxibo esingaphandle kwe-intanethi sisetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukucola amavili kude nomatshini, ngelixa usebenzisa isithelekisi sokubona ukuqinisekisa ubume bemilo.Ezinye izixhobo zokusila zisebenzisa oomatshini bokukhupha umbane abasikwe ngocingo ukunxibisa amavili esinyithi asele efakwe kwisixhobo sokusila.
Funda kabanzi malunga nokuthenga izixhobo ezitsha zoomatshini ngokundwendwela "IsiKhokelo sokuThenga isixhobo soMtshini" kwiZiko loLwazi leTechspex.
Ukuphucula imijikelo yokusila i-camshaft lobe ngokwesiko ibingaphantsi ngokusekwe kwisayensi, kwaye ngaphezulu kusekwe kuqikelelo olufundisiweyo kunye nokusila kovavanyo olubanzi.Ngoku, isoftware ye-computer ye-thermal modeling inokuqikelela indawo apho ukuvutha kwe-lobe kungenzeka khona ukumisela isantya esikhawulezayo sokusebenza esingayi kubangela umonakalo we-thermal kwi-lobe, kunye nokunciphisa kakhulu inani lokusila okuyimfuneko.
Ubuchwephesha obuvumela ubuchwephesha obumbini-amavili abrasive aphezulu kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-servo-zidibanisa ukubonelela ngenkqubo yokugaya i-contour efana nemisebenzi yokuguqula yangaphandle.Kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokugaya i-OD ephakathi, le ndlela inokuba yindlela yokudibanisa amanyathelo amaninzi okuvelisa kwi-setup enye.
Kuba ukugaya ukutya kwe-creep kunokufikelela kumazinga aphezulu okususwa kwezinto kwizixhobo ezicela umngeni, ukugaya isenokungabi linyathelo lokugqibela lenkqubo-inokuba yinkqubo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-02-2021